Introduction
Avocado cultivation is gaining rapid popularity in India due to its high nutritional value and growing market demand. With proper climate conditions, soil preparation, and farm management, avocado plantation can be a highly profitable agribusiness. This guide explains everything you need to know to start avocado farming successfully.
Ideal Climate & Soil
Avocados grow best in tropical to subtropical climates with temperatures between 15°C and 30°C. Well-drained loamy soil with a pH of 5.5 to 6.5 is ideal. Waterlogging should be avoided as avocado roots are sensitive to excess moisture.
Variety Selection
Popular avocado varieties suitable for Indian conditions include Hass, Arka Supreme, Arka Ravi, Fuerte, and Pinkerton. Selecting grafted plants ensures early fruiting and consistent yield.
Planting Method
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Spacing: 6 m × 6 m
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Pit size: 60 × 60 × 60 cm
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Planting season: June–July (monsoon) or February–March
Apply organic manure and neem cake during planting for healthy root development.
Irrigation & Fertilization
Drip irrigation is recommended for water efficiency. Regular application of organic compost, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium improves growth and fruit quality.
Yield & Harvesting
Avocado plants start bearing fruits within 3–4 years. A well-maintained tree can yield 150–250 fruits per year. Harvest fruits when they mature but are still firm.
Conclusion
With increasing health awareness, avocado farming offers excellent income potential. Proper planning, variety selection, and farm management are key to long-term success.